ביצוע פרויקט מחקרי במהלך התואר הראשון, מאפשר הצצה טובה למחקר שניתן לעשות במסגרת תואר מתקדם בפקולטה. חברות וחברי הסגל השונים מציעים תחומי מחקר מגוונים לפרויקטים עבור סטודנטיות וסטודנטים מצטיינים בפקולטה. ניתן לפנות אליהם ולשוחח איתם על תחומי המחקר השונים ולבחור איתם את הנושא לפרויקט המחקרי. זו הזדמנות עבורכם להכיר חברות וחברי סגל שבהמשך יוכלו להיות גם המנחים שלכם בתואר מתקדם.
ראו רשימה למטה של כל הפרויקטים המוצעים. במידה ואתם מתעניינים באחד מתחומי המחקר המוצעים, תוכלו לפנות לחבר.ת הסגל ישירות.
אישור חברי הסגל לפרויקט מחקרי בתחום מסויים, תלוי גם בקורסים שהסטודנטים ביצעו.
שימו לב:
- חברי סגל נוספים עשויים להציע גם הם פרויקטים מחקריים, ניתן לפנות אליהם באופן ישיר.
- יש עוד נושאים רבים שיכולים להיות בסיס לפרויקט מחקרי, תוכלו להציע ולקבל את אישורם של חברי הסגל.
- כדאי לבדוק את האתרים השונים של חברות וחברי הסגל לפני הפנייה אליהם.
קיימים 3 קורסים אופציונאליים שבמסגרתם ניתן לבצע פרויקט מחקרי:
הטבלה הבאה מציגה את הדרישות השונות (כמות נק"ז שנצברו + ממוצע ציונים) ואת נקודות הזכות הניתנות במסגרת כל קורס.
| קורס | דרישות | נקודות זכות |
|---|---|---|
| 044180 | ממוצע 91 | נקודות מצטברות 100 | 4 |
| 044184 | ממוצע 86 | נקודות מצטברות 100 | 2 |
| 044185 | ממוצע 86 | נקודות מצטברות 80 | 1 |
| 044000 | לחברי תוכנית אמ"ת | לחברי תוכנית אמ"ת | 4 |
לפרטים נוספים ניתן לפנות לפרופ' יניב רומנו – האחראי האקדמי על סטודנטים מצטיינים בפקולטה yromano@technion.ac.il
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עליך ליצור קשר במייל עם חבר.ת הסגל. המייל צריך לכלול רקע עליך (קורסים רלוונטים, פרויקטים קודמים, ולמה הנושא מעניין אותך), תוך הדגשת הישגים והצטיינויות.
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את הפרויקט מומלץ להתחיל לכל הפחות לאחר ביצוע קורסי מבוא בתחום המחקר הרלוונטי לפרויקט. לדוגמה, אם הפרויקט הוא בתחום של מערכות לומדות מומלץ לקחת את הקורס המתאים בפקולטה 046195 טרם התחלת הפרויקט. הפרויקטים מוגדרים כסמסטריאליים, אך יתכן כי בפועל יפרשו על יותר מסמסטר קלנדרי אחד (לכן מומלץ להתחיל את הפרויקט לפחות שנה לפני תום הלימודים). תכולת הפרויקט הינה בפרופורציה למספר הנקודות של המקצוע (4,2,1 נק"ז).
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חבר.ת הסגל מנחה את הפרויקט ואופן ההנחייה יקבע על-ידם בהתאם לצרכי המחקר.
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בדרך כלל המחקר ידרוש רקע של קורסי מבוא בתחום המתאים לפרויקט. יש לברר דרישות קדם ספציפיים מול חבר.ת הסגל.
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העדיפות לפרויקטי מחקר היא תחת המקצועות הייעודיים 044180, 044184, 044185, 044000, אך חברי סגל רשאים להנחות פרויקטי מחקר גם תחת המקצוע פרויקט ב'.
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סטודנטים בתכנית אמ"ת מתבקשים להתייעץ עם ראש התכנית לפני בחירת פרויקט מחקרי. כברירת מחדל הם יבצעו את הפרויקט תחת המקצוע הייעודי לתכנית אמ"ת 044000.
Systems & Control | Machine learning and intelligent systems & Computers
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Progress in cyber-physical technologies such as autonomous vehicles (AVs) and wireless communications will enable the deployment of autonomous mobility-on-demand (AMoD) systems: fleets of AVs providing on-demand mobility. The main advantage of AMoD systems is that they can be controlled by a central operator in a system-optimal operation, i.e., optimizing global objectives such as the minimization of travel times of all the travelers in a given city. One aspect that could drastically improve system-optimal operation is ridesharing capabilities wherein an individual vehicle can drive multiple people that don’t necessarily share the same origin and destination. Unfortunately, existing approaches for AMoD routing cannot account for ridesharing capabilities in a computationally efficient manner, as ridesharing gives rise to tremendously difficult optimization problems.
In this project we will explore new algorithmic approaches for ridesharing AMoD via convex programming and recent advances in optimization of traffic flow. This project involves algorithm development, optimization, implementation in software, and simulation.Long Term Project
image: Ridesharing in Autonomous-Mobility-on-Demand
February 24
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Progress in cyber-physical technologies such as autonomous vehicles (AVs) and wireless communications will enable the deployment of autonomous mobility-on-demand (AMoD) systems: fleets of AVs providing on-demand mobility. The main advantage of AMoD systems is that they can be controlled by a central operator in a system-optimal operation, i.e., optimizing global objectives such as the minimization of travel times of all the travelers in a given city. Conversely to conventional navigation providers computing the fastest route by passively considering congestion in an exogenous manner, AMoD systems enable one to consider the endogenous impact of individual vehicle's routes on road traffic and travel time, and can thus be operated in a congestion-aware fashion. Unfortunately, developing effective congestion-aware routing approaches is challenging computationally, especially when considering realistic dynamic traffic flow models to capture the influence vehicles have on travel times.
In this project we will develop efficient algorithms for routing AMoD systems while accounting for dynamic traffic models. In particular, we plan on exploiting the underlying structure of the cell-transmission model (CTM), which accurately models flows via linear programs, in the development of fast and accurate algorithms. One idea that we could exploit is transforming the optimization problem resulting from CTM into a closely related min-cost flow problem, for which effective algorithms exist. This project involves algorithm development, optimization, implementation in software, and simulation.Long Term Project
image: Dynamic Routing of Autonomous Vehicles
February 24
Communication & Information Theory | Machine learning and intelligent systems & Computers
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Abstract: Large language models receive tremendous attention in research and industry. These models are only trained to predict missing words in sentences provided as training data, yet they seem to have good capabilities in information retrieval as demonstrated by ChatGPT. Nevertheless, it is unclear to what degree the output of the model relies on memorizing text in the training data or whether the model truly learns semantic language rules and is capable of abstract representation of “knowledge”. In this project we propose an experimental synthetic information-theoretic framework to elucidate this problem. Generalizing well on the data in this experiment will show that the model learns the relatively simple generative model describing the training data rather than memorizing long sections of the training data.
Your Role: To explore the ability of a large transformer-based language model to describe a text with a relatively high entropy rate, that is produced by a relatively simple model. This will be achieved by generating synthetic data, training various models, and interpreting the results in information-theoretic terms.
Requirements: A background in NLP and some hands-on experience with training or fine-tuning large language models in the order of GPT2.0 or larger.
Advisors: Assistant Dr. Alon Kipnis (alon.kipnis@runi.ac.il) and Assistant Prof. Nir Weinberger (nirwein@technion.ac.il)
Long Term Project
image: Large language
December 23
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In a DNA-storage system, information is stored in an unordered set of short reads. During the reading operation, each of these reads is duplicated multiple times, and then sequenced to obtain a noisy read. The noise includes substitution, deletion and insertion errors. The first step of the decoder is to successfully cluster the noisy reads.
Your Role: Designing and training a state-of-the-art machine-learning architecture to perform noisy clustering.
Requirements:
• Background in information theory or communication, machine learning, and DNN.
• Hands on experience with training DNN and transformers.Advisor: Assistant Dr. Nir Weinberger (nirwein@technion.ac.il)
Long Term Project
image: Clustering DNA
December 23
Computer Networks | Machine learning and intelligent systems & Computers
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Neural networks have shown tremendous success in various tasks. At the same time, they have been shown to be vulnerable to various attacks. Adversarial example attacks generate small perturbations to inputs with the goal of causing a neural network to misclassify. While there has been a lot of work on proving local robustness of neural networks, all focus on the analysis of a single input at a time. Consequently, it is hard to obtain guarantees for large datasets in a practical time.
In this project, we will leverage the relations of inputs in a given dataset to design a verifier that reduces the analysis time by few orders of magnitude. The idea is to define a partial order over the analysis of a few inputs to predict the analysis result of other inputs, thereby significantly pruning the search space of the analysis.
Advisor: Dr. Dana Drachsler Cohen (ddana@ee.technion.ac.il)
image: CIF-TEM System
Long Term Project
December 23
Image & Signal Processing, Computer Vision & Bio-signals | Electronic Circuits, VLSI Systems & Power Systems
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Analog to Digital Converters (ADCs) are among the most utilized components in digital systems today. An integrate-and-fire time-encoding-machine (IF-TEM) is an energy efficient asynchronous sampler. Utilizing the IF-TEM sampler for bandlimited signals, we introduce designs for time encoding and decoding with analog compression prior to the quantization phase. Before the quantizer, efficient analog compression is conducted based on the stationarity of the encoded signal, which is a fundamental characteristic of IF-TEM processing.
So far, the algorithm was only simulated in MATLAB.
This in a joint project with SIPIL lab and professor Alejandro Cohen
Project goal:
Implementing the sampler on hardware. The implementation will be on a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) using IC component. The students will design and simulate the PCB board. The board will be manufactured and the student will do a bring up procedure to the board. The sampler will work on audio signals.
This is a unique opportunity to experience mix signal (analog and digital) design.
Project duration: one semester with an option to two semesters
Supervisor: Mony OrbachLong Term Project
December 23
Image & Signal Processing, Computer Vision & Bio-signals | Electromagnetics & Photonics
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Can we see through thick tissue layers without cutting the subject?
Seeing inside tissue is one of the hardest barriers in biomedical research and in medical imaging, mostly because cells inside the tissue aberrate and scatter the light waves passing through it. Even after propagating through tissue layers as thin as a few dozen micrometres, the resulting images are highly aberrated and are uninterpretable by the human eye. Despite this we develop a number of computational tools which can see biological components such as fluorescent neurons, deep inside the tissue.
The research will combine a number of tools in optics and algorithmic processing, including machine learning, statistics and advanced optimization.Advisor: Prof. Anat Levin (anat.levin@ee.technion.ac.il)
image: Imaging neurons deep inside the brain
Long Term Project
December 23
Electromagnetics & Photonics
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The project aims to harness the novel concept of metagratings (MGs) for the development of dual-polarized broad-angle absorbers at mm-wave frequencies. Such conformal and low-cost printed-circuit-board (PCB) covers are in high need for radar applications, where means to suppress the strong multipath reflections stemming from metallic objects are required to enable accurate target identification.
MGs are low-profile devices composed of sparsely distributed subwavelength polarizable particles (meta-atoms), recently shown to enable precise manipulation of reflected and transmitted waves with unprecedented efficiency [1]. The key for achieving such performance lies in judicious engineering of the meta-atom constellation and particle geometry such that the interference between all scattered fields results in the desirable pattern [2]. Indeed, in the past couple of years, we in the META group have theoretically derived and experimentally verified an analytical model allowing synthesis of PCB MGs for prescribed beam deflection functions at microwaves [3].
More recently, we have utilized the fact that this model incorporates loss and inherently accounts for frequency and angle of incidence variation to explore the possibility to use such MGs as wide-angle absorbers. This was achieved by breaking the half-wavelength periodicity bound adhered to in conventional devices [4], shown to be beneficial when multifunctionality (e.g., multi-angle response) is desired [5]. Relying on a rather uncommon resistive sheet PCB technology, we were able to maximize loss by dissipating power in localized resistors defined in both internal and external layers. Despite promising results in preliminary experiments, the device versatility is still limited, absorbing signals only at a single polarization along one dimension, and relying on a somewhat unique (and potentially costly) fabrication process.
In the proposed project, the students will extend the analytical models and synthesis methodologies to develop dual-polarized absorption capabilities by combining two sets of dipole scatterers with orthogonal polarizabilities, possibly utilizing low-cost lossy substrates (e.g., FR4) to dissipate power in the bulk. Once the model is augmented correspondingly, the constraints associated with multi-angle absorption could be formulated, which, when resolved, would yield a fabrication-ready layout for the envisioned MG. If time permits, a prototype absorber would be manufactured and measured at the META group laboratory at the Technion.
Students will in analytical modeling and formulation, full-wave numerical simulations in commercial (industry-standard) solvers, and (if time permits) hands-on experiments.
Bibliography
[1] Y. Ra’di and A. Alù, “Metagratings for Efficient Wavefront Manipulation,” IEEE Photonics J., vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 1–13, Feb. 2022.
[2] Y. Ra’di, D. L. Sounas, and A. Alù, “Metagratings: Beyond the Limits of Graded Metasurfaces for Wave Front Control,” Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 119, no. 6, p. 067404, Aug. 2017.
[3] O. Rabinovich and A. Epstein, “Arbitrary Diffraction Engineering With Multilayered Multielement Metagratings,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 68, no. 3, pp. 1553–1568, Mar. 2020.
[4] Y. Ra’di, C. R. Simovski, and S. A. Tretyakov, “Thin Perfect Absorbers for Electromagnetic Waves: Theory, Design, and Realizations,” Phys. Rev. Appl., vol. 3, no. 3, p. 037001, Mar. 2015.
[5] Y. Yashno and A. Epstein, “Large-Period Multichannel Metagratings For Broad-Angle Absorption,” in 16th Int. Congr. Artificial Mater. Novel Wave Phenomena (Metamaterials), 2022.Advisor: Prof. Ariel Epstein (epsteina@ee.technion.ac.il)
Image: All Angle Absorbers
Project duration: Current Semester, Next Semester
December 23
Computers & Computer Networks
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This project focuses on the methods to automatically detect data leaks present in modern CPUs which stem from the design flaws of speculative instruction execution. These leaks lead to severe security issues in these CPUs, allowing a sophisticated attacker to extract secrets, such as encryption keys, even if the software is perfectly correct. A well known example is SPECTRE attack which enables an attacker to extract data from memory by exploiting speculative execution of conditional branches.
This project builds on the recent work done in the Accelerator Computer Systems Lab in the Technion (ACSL) together with Microsoft Research Cambridge. The tools developed as part of this project have been used in production by Microsoft and some hardware vendors.
The students will deepen their knowledge of CPU architecture, hardware security, side channel analysis and attacks, and software/hardware testing and verification.
Advisor: Prof. Mark Silberstein (mark@ee.technion.ac.il)
Image: architecture
Project duration: Long Term
January 24
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This project focuses on the development of new algorithms to enable a novel computational paradigm where computations are performed in the network while data is being transferred. Specifically, the computations are carried out by network routers and switches. In this project we will consider distributed computations with shared state, such as load-balancers, network monitoring and rate limiting. The key challenge is to enable execution of such computations in a resource-limited hardware of network switches, which in turn require new techniques and approaches.
The project involves learning new and relevant programming languages such as P4, distributed computing principles, approximate data structures and computer networks.
Advisor: Prof. Mark Silberstein (mark@ee.technion.ac.il)
Image: Mellanox-data-centric
Project duration: Long Term
January 24
Image & Signal Processing, Computer Vision & Bio-signals | Machine learning and intelligent systems | Communication & Information Theory | Computers & Computer Networks | Systems & Control
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This project aims to innovate in the realm of speech enhancement, leveraging the advanced capabilities of head-worn microphone arrays, an area where significant strides have been made over several decades in improving speech quality and intelligibility. Traditional beamforming algorithms, primarily reliant on acoustic signals, often necessitate supplementary information or inferential mechanisms for effective beam steering. However, the dynamic nature of head-worn microphone arrays, such as those in smart headphones, smart glasses, and virtual/augmented reality headsets, poses unique challenges due to the rapid orientation changes relative to the room and sound sources.
The advent of these devices, equipped with head-tracking sensors and video recording functionalities, paves the way for a novel category of speech and acoustic signal processing algorithms. These algorithms can harness multimodal sensor data not only to compensate for shifts in head orientation but also to leverage these changes for enhanced auditory processing. This capability is particularly pertinent in addressing the well-known cocktail party problem, enabling users to concentrate on a single conversation amidst an environment of overlapping conversations and ambient noise.
Our project aims to develop and refine speech enhancement algorithms specifically tailored for head-worn microphone arrays with access to positional information. By incorporating this data, the algorithms can significantly improve the listening experience for users of wearable devices, assisting them in navigating complex auditory environments typical of the cocktail party scenario. We intend to utilize the dataset from the SPEAR challenge to validate and benchmark our algorithms, thus contributing to the evolution of assistive listening technologies that pass beyond traditional boundaries, offering augmented auditory capabilities to a broader spectrum of users, not limited to the hearing-impaired
image: Spear
Long Term Project
December 23
Communication & Information Theory | Systems & Control
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In the future, autonomous vehicles will be able to communicate with each other in order to share information and reach joint decisions. For instance, a vehicle about to pull its brakes before a road hazard could notify the vehicles behind it to avoid a chain collision. In another setting, vehicles could share sensor information to improve their knowledge of the surrounding environment. To give one more example, vehicles could coordinate among themselves who gets the right of way in an unsignalized intersection.
To facilitate such applications, vehicles make decisions by integrating information received in the vehicular network with optimization algorithms. Unfortunately, such algorithms typically assume a perfect communication network wherein information shared between the robots never gets lost, delayed, or corrupted. In reality, communication networks rarely provide such guarantees, which can compromise the performance of the vehicular system and even lead to hazardous outcomes.
In this project, we will explore a synergistic approach that designs the optimization algorithm alongside the communication network upon which it will run. In the first step, we will consider a specific multi-vehicle task of target tracking and will study the effect of communication failures on the performance of the system using a naive communication-oblivious algorithm. In the next step, we will consider a novel communication architecture of network coding, redesign the optimization algorithm around it, and explore the performance of the overall system.
Long Term Project
February 24
סטודנטים מספרים…
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תיאור פרוייקט: בעיית הסופר-רזולוציה מנסה לקחת תמונה בעלת רזולוציה נמוכה ולייצר ממנה תמונה בעלת רזולוציה גבוהה כך שמצד אחד התמונה תהיה בעלת נראות טבעית ותשלים פרטים עדינים בצורה הגיונית, ומצד שני התמונה שתתקבל תתאים לתמונת הרזלוציה הנמוכה המקורית. כיוון שיש מספר אפשרויות לתמונת רזולוציה גבוהה שכזאת, מטרת הפרויקט היא לפתח ממשק משתמש טקסטואלי שבאמצעותו המשתמש יכול לטייל במרחב הסופר-רזולוציה של תמונת הרזולוציה הנמוכה, כלומר למצוא תמונת הרזולוציה הגבוהה הגיונית שהכי תואמת לטקסט שהמשתמש מכניס.
חוויה אישית: הפרוייקט היה מאתגר ומעניין מאוד, ומשך אותי לתחום של מודלים גנרטיבים, שבוא המשכתי לתואר מתקדם. הייחוד של הפרויקט המחקרי היה החופש בבחירת הפתרון וחשיבות של יצירתיות, שלימדו אותי הרבה על התהליך המחקרי.
מנחה: פרופסור תומר מיכאלי, דוקטור יובל בהט
שותפ.ה: רתם אידלסון
תחום מחקר: למידת מכונה ומערכות נבונות, עבוד אותות ותמונות, ראייה ממוחשבת ואותות ביולוגיים
